As an avid baseball fan, I was not surprised to learn that the Chicago Cubs had recruited this year a Dominican player named Robel Garcia. After all, many baseball players come from Caribbean islands. But I was stunned to learn that he was discovered in Italy and that he had been playing for the Italian Baseball League (IBL).
I began my research. I learned that the overall level of competition in the IBL is considered to be the highest in Europe and that Major League Baseball in the United States scouts for players in Italy to recruit to teams in the United States. Not surprisingly, players who dream of playing in the majors love to train in Italy—for the food, climate, beauty and friendliness, not to mention the high level of play.
The IBL today consists of 8 teams that are governed by the Italian Federation of Baseball & Softball (FIBS) in Rome. Half the teams are based in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. A team from the Republic of San Marino also plays in the league. Team names usually consist of the city name (eg, Parma, Bologna, Nettuno) and the team’s corporate sponsor, much like in Japanese baseball.
Baseball began in Italy during World War II when American G.I.’s taught the game to local children. The first championship was held in Italy in 1948, and today there is a major league, complete with a playoff series in which teams compete for the championship,
called the Scudetto. According to FIBS rules today, each of the 8 teams plays two 3-game series against every other team, for a total of 42 games in a season. The four teams that finish with the best regular season record qualify for a round-robin playoff. The first and second-place finishers of the round-robin play a best-of-7 game series for the Scudetto.The FIBS also determines the number of sport visas granted to non-EU foreign players and also the number of foreign players on the field at any time.
Unfortunately, baseball in Italy is not a growth industry. The facilities are largely owned and maintained by community governments and teams have few assets. In the United States, it’s a huge business, much to the chagrin of baseball purists. However, in Major League Baseball, there have been many Italian-American heroes; many are enshrined in the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York. One could field several teams of Italian-Americans from historical and current players. Baseball fanatics will recognize these names: Managers Tommy Lasorda and Joe Torre, catchers Yogi Berra and Mike Piazza, infielders Jason Giambi, Anthony Rizzo, Craig Biggio and Phil Rizutto, outfielders Joe DiMaggio and Lou Piniella, and pitchers Barry Zito and Dave Righetti. Not to mention A. Bart Giamatti, a former Commissioner of Baseball, the highest office in the management of the sport. Current first baseman Anthony Rizzo from the Chicago Cubs recently welcomed the new recruit from Italy, Robel Garcia, with a hearty “Buongiorno” and kisses on both cheeks.

That’s as far as my research took me. But I have so many more questions: silly ones like do they sing ‘Take me out to the ballgame’ in English or Italian? Do they serve hot dogs, beer and popcorn at the games? What is the sports bar called where people go after the game? In America, it might be called ‘the Dugout,’ ‘the Bullpen,’ or ‘the Tenth Inning.” In Italy it’s probably ‘the Fifth Base,’ a coffee bar that might also serves wine. Serious questions surround how to make the game survive and thrive in Italy: how about bringing major league games to Italy similar to the Yankees-Red Sox series in London? Maybe George Clooney, a high school baseball star and producer of the movie “the Catcher was a Spy” could bankroll the development of baseball in Italy, with the support of Mike Piazza, Joe Torre, and Major League Baseball. How do you build grassroots interest in the game in a country that already has a passion for calcio?
Let’s go to playoff games in Italy! In preparation, here is a brief lexicon to study:
| il campo di gioco—playing field |
| diamante—diamond |
| campo esterno—outfield |
| monte di lancio—pitcher’s mound |
| la panchina—dugout |
| la panchina dei lanciatori—bullpen |
| linee di foul—foul lines |
| la prima base—first base |
| la seconda base—second base |
| la terza base—third base |
| la casa base (or piatto)—home plate |
| giocatori—players |
| battitore—batter |
| arbitro di casa base—home plate umpire |
| un fuoricampo—home run |
| ruoli difensivi—defensive positions (roles) |
| interni—infielders |
| esterni—outfielders |
| lanciatore (L)—pitcher |
| ricevitore (R)—catcher |
| prima base (1B)—first baseman |
| seconda base (2B)—second baseman |
| terza base (3B)—third baseman |
| interbase (IB)—shortstop |
| esterno sinistro (ES)—left fielder |
| esterno centro (EC)—center fielder |
| esterno destro (ED)—right fielder |
| gli oggetti in uso—equipment |
| cappellino—cap |
| caschetto—helmet |
| divisa—uniform |
| guanto—mitt |
| mazza—bat |
| palla—ball |
| spikes—spikes |
| mascherina—mask |
| pettorina—chest protector |
| schinieri—shin guards |
Era il 16 ottobre 1943, poco dopo le 5.00 del mattino. Di turno nell’Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, sull’isola Tiberina a Roma, c’erano Giovanni Borromeo, il primario, Vittorio Sacerdoti, un giovane medico praticante ed Adriano Ossicini, uno studente di medicina. Dal vicino Ghetto ebraico, giunsero rumori di spari e grida: era cominciato il “sabato della vergogna”. Era il rastrellamento degli ebrei da parte delle truppe naziste, che portò alla cattura di quasi 1.200 uomini, donne e bambini; furono stipati dentro 18 vagoni piombati con destinazione Auschwitz-Birkenau, dove moltissimi vennero immediatamente uccisi nelle camere a gas.
Più tardi, nella sua testimonianza, Ossicini raccontò, “Ricordo ancora lo straziante grido di una madre all’alba, in via delle Reginella, che urlava al suo piccolo ‘Scappa via, bello de mamma, scappa!’” Ossicini e il suo amico, un combattente antifascista, corsero al Ghetto. Riuscirono a portare all’ospedale quasi 20 giovani ebrei prima che fossero caricati sui camion. Altri fuggiaschi arrivarono di propria iniziativa.
Questo atto di coraggio da parte dei medici non è venuto alla luce per più di 50 anni. E a quel tempo, i loro resoconti risultavano differenti l’uno dall’altro: ognuno attribuiva l’idea del morbo K a uno degli altri medici. Mentre il conteggio finale del numero degli ebrei salvati era incerto, l’ingegnosità di questi medici offrì un barlume di speranza all’umanità in un momento in cui le storie a lieto fine erano scarsi. Nel 2004, Borromeo ha ricevuto il riconoscimento postumo come “Giusto fra le nazioni” dallo Yad Vashem, l’Ente nazionale per la Memoria della Shoah di Israele. Nel 2016, l’Ospedale Fatebenefratelli è stato riconosciuto come “Casa di Vita” dalla Fondazione internazionale Raoul Wallenberg.
Alcune note personali sui tre medici: Borromeo, un antifascista convinto, aveva rifiutato la gestione di altri ospedali perché gli avevano richiesto l’iscrizione al partito fascista. L’Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, gestito da frati cattolici, era privato e quindi esente da questo tipo di richiesta. Borromeo assunse altri medici che erano stati discriminati, come il dott. Sacerdoti, che essendo ebreo non poteva lavorare in altri ospedali. Il dott. Ossicini era psichiatra e un severo antifascista; lui e il dott. Sacerdoti fornirono assistenza medica ai combattenti della resistenza. Anche se era comunque in pericolo, il dott. Sacerdoti andava spesso nei boschi intorno a Roma per curare i partigiani feriti. Fornì anche assistenza e medicine agli ebrei nel ghetto.