Italy’s Rural Soul: Part I

As we traveled to many of Umbria’s hilltop towns last year, we were struck, of course, by the beauty of the architecture and character of these towns of stone.   We were also awestruck by the gorgeous vistas over the green heart of Italy.  But as we walked around, there was also an ominous feeling–we rarely saw a soul, and we saw many Vendesi “for sale” signs on the houses and other buildings.

For all the ancient hill towns like Tuscany’s San Gimignano and Montepulciano that attract tourists and are thriving, they are not the typical small town in Italy today.  Italy is home to more than 5,600 towns of less than 5,000 inhabitants.  About half of them are facing a population crisis.  Some are semi-abandoned and others are virtual ghost towns.  Over the next 25 years as the youth continue to emigrate and as the elderly begin to pass away, many towns will be left almost completely deserted.

Rocca ripesena

The exodus began in the late nineteenth century as poverty drove many, particularly in the south, to emigrate to other countries.  After World War II, the economic decline of rural Italian communities led inhabitants to emigrate to major cities where jobs were more plentiful.  A confluence of factors—poverty, urbanization, emigration, and natural disasters, like earthquakes and floods — devastated many towns that had thrived for centuries.

These rural places are inextricably linked to the countryside around them, as their inhabitants worked as farmers and merchants, craftsmen and shepherds.  When these towns die, so too do the unique traditions and skills associated with each place.  This phenomenon is not unique to Italy.  Small towns throughout the developed world, including in the United States, are left behind as technologies and economies change, rendering industries and artigianale know-how obsolete.  What is unique to Italy is the exquisite architectural character of its hill towns, as well as the quality of the craftmanship and traditions that were born and perfected there.

Statistics paint a bleak picture.  While 30% of the world’s population resided in urban areas in 1950, the percentage grew to 54% in 2014.  It is expected to increase to 66% by 2050.  In Italy what will happen to the medieval fortresses, frescoed churches, and charming piazzas of the hilltop towns, not to mention the making of original musical instruments, ancient bells, wool blankets and scarves, and the best pasta of every region?

Next time, I will tell you what some creative people are doing to try to save these towns.

 

Posted in Abitudini, Architecture, Arte, English, Foto, Italia, Orvieto, Storia, Toscana, Umbria | 1 Comment

Le strane ironie che circondano le fettuccine Alfredo

 Primo di tutto, le fettuccine Alfredo non sono un piatto italiano, anche se sono state “inventate” a Roma.  Sono piene di burro, panna e parmigiano, e gli italiani non usano quasi mai la panna sulla pasta.  A Roma, la città della pasta alla carbonara, questa ricetta non ha una goccia di panna.  (Vedete “Il cibo ‘italiano’ che non è italiano”, un post dal 13 ottobre 2016.)

La storia racconta che le origini del piatto risalgono al 1908.  Ines, la moglie di Alfredo Di Lelio, proprietario e cuoco di un piccolo ristorante nella piazza Rosa di Roma, aveva appena partorito il piccolo Alfredo, ma lei era debole e non aveva appetito.  Il marito preparò una pasta fresca e la condì con abbondante burro e parmigiano.  Le piaceva, ne mangiava ogni giorno e tornava in buona salute.  Lei poi gli chiese di inserire il piatto nel menù del ristorante, che si trasferì in quartieri più grandi in via della Scrofa a Roma nel 1914.

Poi nel 1920, come racconta una storia, le star del cinema americano Douglas Fairbanks e Mary Pickford vennero a Roma in luna di miele.  Si innamorarono di questo piatto così ricco.  Quando tornarono a casa e lo descrissero ai loro amici, tutta Hollywood non vedeva l’ora di assaggiarlo.  Fairbanks e Pickford spedirono ad Alfredo e Ines una foto di se stessi al ristorante e due posate di servizio placcate d’oro con l’incisione “Ad Alfredo, re dei noodles” ed i loro nomi.  Il ristorante di via della Scrofa divenne la meta dell’élite di Hollywood e dei Vip internazionale, mentre sempre più foto si accumulavano sui muri.

Poi nel 1948, Di Lelio vendette il suo ristorante—e tutto quanto conteneva—alla famiglia Mozzetti, che mantenne il nome e il menù e tutte le foto sul muro.  La famiglia lo gestisce ancora.  Ma nel 1950 Alfredo e suo figlio aprirono un altro ristorante, Il Vero Alfredo, che oggi è gestito dai nipoti.  Ora entrambi i ristoranti affermano di essere i creatori del piatto, ed entrambi hanno un set di posate placcate in oro da Fairbanks e Pickford!  Ma non era il piatto stato inventato nel piccolo ristorante di piazza Rosa?

La rivalità amichevole è continuata nel corso degli anni, anche durante il Festival delle Fettuccine Alfredo, che è stato celebrato ogni febbraio.  L’ironia è che troverai la salsa Alfredo solo in questi due ristoranti in competizione tra loro, dove le fettuccine si mescolano al tavolo con la famosa forchetta e cucchiaio d’oro.  I cantanti suonano serenate ai clienti.  Sembra una trappola perfetta per turisti.

Altrove a Roma e in Italia dovresti chiedere le fettuccine al burro, le fettuccine burro e parmigiano, o la pasta in bianco.  Nessuno saprà di cosa stai parlando se chiedi le fettuccine Alfredo.

 

 

 

 

Posted in Abitudini, Cucina italiana, Foto, Italia, Italiano, Roma, Storia | Leave a comment

The Strange Ironies Surrounding Fettuccine Alfredo

First of all, Fettuccine Alfredo is not an Italian dish even though it was “invented” in Rome.  It is full of butter, cream, and parmesan, and Italians almost never put cream on pasta.   In Rome, the city of pasta alla carbonara, this recipe does not have a drop of cream.  (See “Italian Food that isn’t Italian,” a post from October 3, 2016.)

The story goes that the origins of the dish date back to 1908.  Ines, the wife of Alfredo Di Lelio, owner and cook of a small restaurant in Rome’s piazza Rosa, had just given birth to little Alfredo, but she was weak and had no appetite.  The husband prepared a fresh pasta and seasoned it with plenty of butter and parmesan.  She liked it, ate it every day and returned to good health.  She then asked him to put in on the restaurant’s menu.  The restaurant moved to larger quarters in via della Scrofa in Rome in 1914.

Then in 1920, as one story goes, American film stars Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford, came to Rome on their honeymoon.  They fell in love with this glutinous dish.  When they returned home and described it to their friends, all of Hollywood couldn’t wait to taste it.  Fairbanks and Pickford sent to Alfredo and Ines a photo of themselves at the restaurant and two gold-plated service cutlery with the engraving, “To Alfredo, king of noodles.”  The restaurant in via della Scrofa became a destination for the Hollywood elite and international VIPs, as more and more photos accumulated on the walls.

Then in 1948, Di Lelio sold his restaurant—and everything in it—to the Mozzetti family, who kept the name and the menu and all the photos on the wall.  The family still manages it.  But in 1950 Alfredo and his son opened another restaurant, Il Vero Alfredo, which today is managed by the grandchildren.  Now both restaurants claim to be the originator of the dish, and both have a set of the gold-plated cutlery from Fairbanks and Pickford!  But wasn’t the dish invented in the small restaurant in piazza Rosa?

The friendly rivalry has continued over the years, even during the Festival of Fettucine Alfredo celebrated every February.  The irony is that you will only find alfredo sauce at these two competing restaurants, where the fettuccine is mixed tableside with the famous gold fork and spoon.  Singers serenade the diners.  It sounds like a perfect tourist trap.

Elsewhere in Rome and in Italy you should ask for fettuccine al burro, fettuccine burro e parmigiana, or pasta in bianco.  No one will know what you’re talking about if you ask for fettuccine Alfredo.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Posted in Abitudini, Cucina italiana, Differenze culturali, English, Foto, Italia, Roma | Leave a comment